The political and legal union is under the influence of the liberal democratic and moderate socialist left parties, especially the Social Democratic Movement.
After that, the discourse of the parties and movements that had previously adopted a radical revolutionary discourse developed, including the Marxist-Leninist, nationalist, and Islamic movements… In fact, most of the political parties went from secret to public and presented demands to establish legal parties directly after the failure of the Gafsa process and the appointment of the national intellectual and Arabist Mohamed Mazali as minister. Education and director of “Al-Fikr” magazine as the new Prime Minister and Secretary-General of the ruling party, succeeding Al-Hadi Nouira, whose crisis caused him to suffer a stroke that led to his paralysis and disability.
Then new pages were opened in the history of the country, the elites, and the political movements after the overthrow of the government of Mohamed Mazali in July 1986, then the overthrow of Bourguiba’s rule in November 1987, and Zine El Abidine Ben Ali assuming the reins of power until his overthrow in the January 2011 revolution.